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Full text of "The Canadian Railroader Weekly. Vol. 2 No. 22: May 29, 1920"

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BUDGET BURDENS - AND A 
GLIMMER OF HOPE 

ENCOURAGEMENT OF CANADIANS 

SHIPBUILDING 

OTTAWA AND LONDON LETTERS 
From Our Own Correspondents. 

MONTREAL, MAY 29th, 1920 
Yol. 2, No. 22 

5 Cents a copy, $2.00 a year 


OFFICIAL ORGAN, 
FIFTH SUNDAY 
MEETING ASSOCIATION 
OF CANADA 






















Page 2 THE CANADIAN RAILROADER May 29th, 1920 



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- - 



May 29th, 1920 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


Page M 


Budget Burdens -- And a 
Glimmer of Hope 


(By 

C ONSTERNATION and unlimit- 
ed amazement followed the 
spectacular public presentation of 
the Budget. The presentiment was 
general that taxation would be stiff- 
ly increased and widely spread, but 
even our most noted pessimist fail- 
ed to imagine the drastic 'levies that 
have resulted. It is a noteworthy 
fact that taxation has been in- 
creased by some seventy million 
dollars. Interviews with prominent 
business men, published broadcast 
throughout the country, evenly in- 
dicate that the great bulk of the 
new taxation will be passed on and 
into the consuming public. If we 
bear in mind that it is hardly pos- 
sible under the present price ranges 
for the masses of the people to pur- 
chase the bare necessities of life, 
then we must recognize that added 
burdens can only be borne with 
groans. The tendency of the taxation 
certainly adds to the cost of living. 
With potatoes at $7.50 a bag, of 
which $6.00 per bag go to farmers, 


BLACK CAT 

Virginia Cigarettes 

MILD and MEDIUM 

1 0 for 1 5 cents 



George Pierce.) 

and the other necessities of life adv- 
ancing in like proportion, life is be- 
coming a torture to the multitude. 

We feel a certain admiration for 
the political couiage of the Finance 
Minister and members of the Cab- 
inet who have adopted the policy of 
“pay as you go", rather than the 
expedient and orthodox political 
policy of mortgaging future genera- 
tions with billions of dollars of 
debt contracted by us. It is perhaps 
better that each generation should 
solve its own problems and pay its 
own bills. We have no right to plast- 
er a mortgage on a baby's back just 
when it lights the home for the 
first time with its dimpled smile. 
The principle of the Budget in this 
regard is therefore sound. 

Candid recognition of the fact 
that the people of the Dominion, 
numbering about 1,600,000 bread 
winners and producers, owe three 
billion dollars, is nervously disquiet- 
ing. The national anxiety is consi- 
derably heightened by the radical 
changes in the world of finance and 
commerce. The sudden contraction 
of loans by the banks are resulting 
in a vast disgorging of merchandise 
which is shaking industry into wild 
convulsions. If this squeeze should 
proceed into the future along the 
same radical lines, there will be a 
tremendous upheaval among our 
manufacturing establishments which 
will throw thousands of workers out 
of employment. The workingman 
out of employment is a very poor 
subject from which to extract heavy 
taxation. The violent and artificial 
deflation now in process of develop- 
1 ment, is just as radical and unsound, 
in my opinion, as was the tremend- 
ous inflation caused by a super- 
abundance of money which was 
loaned with such generosity during 
the last, three years to any merchant 
who wished to speculate in the 
world's commodities. The one was 
\ responsible for the artificial prosp- 
! erity and the other will produce an 



artificial depression. Both represent 
I the extreme swings of the pendulum, 
and extremities are always danger- 
ous. 

In the gloomy picture there is 
one bright spot because it is based 
on sound economic thought. I refer 
to the project backed by our public- 
spirited and experienced Canadians 
to colonize twenty million acres in 
the West. In our forests, in the 
mines, in the fisheries, in the coal 
fields and on the farms, we are 
possessed of enormous wealth — 
richer which can wipe out our entire 
national debt, relieve us of taxation 
and reinstate us on a sound basis. 
All the things that the people need 
in order to live and which may be 
subdivided in three great divisions 
of food, clothing and shelter, can be 
ripped from the great storehouse 
that nature has provided and 
brought to the suffering people if 


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HEAD OFFICE, MONTREAL 


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Princos St., E.C. 



NEW YORK 

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ing to extend their business in these countries. Trade 
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Capital Paid Up and Reserves $35,000,000 

Total Assets $560,000,000 


we will all concentrate our efforts- 
and dedicate ourselves to the fulfil- 
ment of this single purpose. The 
Canadian people possess the brains, 
the brawn and the energy, the ; 
tenacity and the courage, to vsuccess- 
f ully execute this mighty work. The 
first and the essential thing is to 
recognize the urgency and the neces- 
sity of the undertaking. The great 1 
colonization plan undertaken by 
such men as Lqrd Shaughnessy, Sir 
Vincent Meredith, James Carrutli- 
ers, Charles R. Hosmer, Sir Herbert 
Holt, Sir Charles Gordon, Brigadier- 
General F. S. Meighen, Huntley 
Drummond, Colonel W. G. Mo-redon, 
R. B. Angus, Sir II. Montague Allan, 
Sir John Eaton, Sir Joseph Flayelle, 
Sir Edmond Osier and many other 
prominent Canadians who have sub- 
scribed their money and devoted 
their time to the organization of 
this huge enterprise should be judg- 
ed very calmly by the public. 

There is always an inclination 
from a very considerable group, 
that whatever the financier or the 
capitalist is interested in should bo 
opposed on general principles under 
the assumption that the working- 
man is always the victim of the 
operations of the financier. This 
logic is very faulty and will not 
stand the test of investigation. 

There isn't the slightest doubt in 
the world that the founders of this 
great colonization enterprise are 
all so rich that returns from this 
•land development project are of no 
financial interest to them. The un-| 
dertaking is one actuated solely by 


public spirit for the object of en- 
couraging development of our natur- 
al resources to increase food produc- 
tion, to assist in expanding export 
trade, to increase the national 
wealth and to assist in correcting 
the adverse exchange rate. 

The theory is that the national 
war debt will be easier to carry 
and the per capita taxation will be- 
come tighter. It is logical to assume 
that it will greatly assist the na- 
tional railways to convert them- 
selves into self-supporting enterpris- 
es, so the picture is not so dark after 
all as between the new reaseareh 
board, active colonization, and a 
scientific advisory Tariff Board. 
The machinery is slowly forming, 
which, when actuated by the un- 
conquerable will of the Canadian 
people to win, and to win big, will 
eventually bring contentment and 
happiness and plenty to the Cana- 
dian people who, by their deeds, des- 
erve these things in plenty — food, 
clothing and shelter for the old and 
the young. 

:o: 

A proposal to excite discussion 
at the American Federation of La- 
bor Congress in Montreal is one to 
unite all trades which work with 
the scissors and the needle into one 
union. At present they have four 
governing bodies. There is likely 
to be some display of feeling as the 
Amalgamated Clothing Workers arc 
not affiliated with the Federation 
of Labor and are said to have at- 
tempted to foment a sessionlst move- 
ment. 



Page ‘1 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


May 29th, 1920 


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W. F. WILSON, Toronto 
J. M. STARKE, Farnham 
J. E. HUDON, Montreal 
E. PINARD, Montreal 
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R. T. MUNRO, Montreal 


A. M. McLELLAN, Moncton 
T. P. McKENNA, St. John 
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May 29th, 1920 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


Page 5 


Unemployment Losses Far 

In Lead of Strike Losses 


Washington, May 22. — Losses 
through strikes ‘‘are relatively un- 
important, as compared with the 
losses from unemployment of the 
regular, orthodox, undramatic type 


“No definite statistical informa- 
tion exists, but from a study of such 
strikes as have come to my atten- 
tion, I am convinced that strikers 
today, as always, are insignificant 


that doesn H get any newspaper ad- in causing stoppage of work in com- 
vertising,” said Dr. Royal Meeker, parison with unemployment due to 
commissioner United States bureau dearth of raw materials, lack of or- 
of labor statistics, in a recent | ders for output, insufficient trans- 
speech that is published in the cur - 1 port at ion, lack of a properly balanc- 
rent issue of the Monthly Labor ed organization, lack of an intelli- 1 
Review, issued by the bureau. gent employment poilcy ror handl- 

“The cost of strikes is commonly in " mcn » ta ^ ure to ^ ani an( J . ke< ^ 
displayed as losses of wages to the ; the good will of employees failure : 

1 J iica a# l v Am An ilons .a- 


FRANK A. PURDY, 
,S. P. HARRIMAN, 


Sales Representative. 
Ass’t.-Treas. and Manager. 


Vapor Car Heating Co. of Canada Limited 

— STEAM HEAT SYSTEMS FOR — 

ALL TYPES OF PASSENGER CARS 

61 Dalhousie Street - MONTREAL. 

Railway Exchange - CHICAGO. 

30 Church Street, NEW YORK. 


guess, would amount to more han S. Camming, surgeon general Unit- 
half of the value of the yearly pro- ed States public health service, who 
duct of all our industries. This showed that strike losses were 
means that wo are operating our trifling as compared with the ^tag- 
industries on a 66 2-3 per cent, effi- goring losses to this country 
ciency 


strikers, loss of profits to the em 
ployers, and loss of interest 
capital invested. Thes* estimates 
are necessarily crude and often mis- 
leading. It sometimes happens in a 


! to make use of the tremendous .a 
on tent creative force lying dormant in 

the workers. - ~ . 

“The cost of this most costly and however blisstuL, is mighty 

destructive of all industrial hazards, sivo. “ 


basis and are losing, by not through preventable diseases. 


producing, something like $35,000,- 
000,000 a year, just because we have 
not yet recognized that ignorance, 

expen - 


big strike that the curtailment of unemployment, is appalling. Its 
production results in su<h a share ! money cost, reckoned in terms of 


The Robert Mitchell Co., Limited 

BRASS AND IRON FOUNDERS 
Good Workmanship and Prompt 
Delivery 


64 Belair Avenue, 


SMALL TOOLS 


production results in such a sour- ^ 

advance in the price of the product product reproduced, serv.ees unren- pared 
that the employer makes not a loss <lerod and eap.ta goods o t or de- th.ou, 
but a net gain. In such a case idle ; tenorated in value, I estimate, 
capital earns more for the owners 
than busy capital. 

“It would be more accurate to 
calculate the material losses of a I 
strike in terms of product unpro- j 
duced and then allocate the losses 1 
between the several parties at in- i 
terest, taking account of changes in j 
prices and wage rates in the in- 
dustry. 

“Strikes and lockouts have con- 
tributed their thousands to the 
ranks of the out-of-work workers, 
but irregularities and failure in 
supplies of raw materials, trans- 
portation and demand for commodi- 
ties produced, and alck of proper 
organization in industry, have con- 
tributed their millions. 

“No statistical statement is pos- 
sible, for no accurate information 
exists as to the time lost by rea- 
son of strikes, to say nothing of our 
almost 100 per cent, of ignorance of 
the time lost d« A to other causes. 

We do know, in a general wav, that 
unemployment has existed during 
prosperous conditions of industry to 
an appalling degree. 

“For years the states of Massa- 
chusetts * and New York published 
figures showing percentage of un 
employment among trade union 
members in those states. In Massa- 
chusetts the unemployment percent- 
age among unionists rises to 17.9 
per cent, in 1914, while the minimum 
at any time since 1908 was 2 per 
cent, in 1918. The unemployment 
percentage is even greater in New 
York state. The percent-age of un- 
employment among non-union work 
ers is always higher than among 
uniion members. This was especially 
true of the United States before the 
war, when it was the deliberate 
policy of the largest employers of 
labor, especially unskilled or semi- 
skilled labor, to keep on tap as it 
were, a large reserve force of labor 
upon which to draw in case of strike 
or any emergency requiring addi- 
tional men. 


Commissioner Meeker’s statement 
on strikes and their losses, as com- 
with the greater 


The medical man stated that the 
average mortality from typhoid 
fever to 13,000 a year and that one 
death corresponds to from 400 to 
500 sick days. In 1918 there were 
150,000 deaths from tuberculosis, 
with each death representing 500 
losses sick days. There are 7,000,000 cases 


through unemployment, il similar j of malaria fever annually, with a 
to a recent statement by Dr. Hugh loss of several days in each case. In 

1918 there were 290,000 deaths from 
pneumonia, with each death repres- 
enting 125 sick daws. 


MONTREAL 



HAVE BAD HEADACHE. 

Spokane, May 22. — To use a fug- 
ure of speech members of the Em- 
ployers 1 association have a bad head- 
ache as a result of their extensive 
anti-trade union campaign in this 
I eity. 

The bosses started out to establish 
the non-union shop, which they call- 
ed “the American plan. “ The work- 
ers showed they are good Americans 
by standing together, and, they now 
present this 1,000 per cent, batting 
average: 

Stationary engineers enforcer their 
scale, transfer employers abandoned 
their non-union shop demand and 
signed with t he Teamsters 1 union, 
every construction job in the city is 
union, bakers secured new contract 
and the cullinarv crafts lost but one 
small house when they establish new 
rates on May 1. 

“No unions are on strike ’ % says 
the Labord World. ‘‘The bottlers 
will be granted their increase. The 
butchers are making splendid prog- 
ress in the signing of their contract, 
and all in all the movement is in 
fine shape, notwithstanding that the 
attempt to establish the non-union 
shop cost the Employers } associa- 
tion a lot of money for advertise- 
ments that were untruthful and ma- 
licious. ’ 9 


TAPS, DIES, REAMERS 
MILLING CUTTERS 
SPECIAL TOOLS 

PRATT & WHITNEY Co. 

of Canada, Limited. 


HALIFAX, 


DUNDAS, Ontario 

MONTREAL, TORONTO, 
WINNIPEG, VANCOUVER. 


WINDSOR, 


Machinists of the Canadian Gen- 
eral Electric Company, at Peter- 
borough, are on strike. 

# iff * 

Colonel Grant Morden, M. P., ad- 
dressing the Canadian Manufactur- 
ers Association, declared it was the 
intention of the British Empire 
Steel Corporation to include repres- 
i enta fives of the employees on t lie 
j directorate. 

# # # 

Stratford plumbers and pipefitters 
1 are demanding 80 cents an hour. 


Page 6 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


May 29th, 1920 



(From our own Correspondent 


D TTRIXG the past week Parlia- 
ment has produced a more 
than ordinarily fruitful crop of in- 
teresting events. The advent of the 
Budget can always be relied upon 
to give a fresh lease of life to the 
session; Sir Robert Borden has made 
his first speech since he set his foot 
again upon his native hearth; and 
the Government narrowly escaped 
defeat upon a vital issue. The de- 
tails of the Budget have been given 
very fully in the daily press (and a 
summary of them is provided else- 
where) so that it only remains to 



IRON FRAME 


WORKSHIRTS 

Insist that the workshirt you buy 
hears the name JUMBO, JESS 
WILLARI) or the famous Brand- 
mark IRON FRAME. 

Staunch materials, generously 
cut, assure long service and com- 
fort — and Tooke Workshirts stand 
the rub and scrub. 

At AH C«oo<1 Dealers. 

TOOKE BROS, LIMITED 

Shirts, Collars and Neckwear 

Montreal Winnipeg 

Toronto Vancouver 


Goal 


GEO. HALL COAL CO. 

of Canada, Ltd. 


211 McGill Street, Montreal 


offer some observations and critic- 
isms. 

In the first place, Sir Henry Dray- 
ton deserves some commendation for 
his professed determination to make 
an end of the .perpetual borrowing 
to which his predecessor resorted. 
Great Britain and the United States 
have paid a considerable proportion 
of their war bill out of taxation, le- 
, vied chiefly on the richer classes, 
but, thanks to the timorousness of 
Sir Thomas White, we have not paid 
a cent of our war costs out of tax- 
es, and our borrowings since 1914 
are actually just about on a par with 
our war expenditure. Sir Henrv 
may not be able to keep his good 
resolutions, but his promise to try 
to make ends meet out of revenue is 
a step in the right direction. 

The western Unionists will make 
great play with the removal of the 
balance of the customs war tax 
which is claimed will cut $30,000,000 
off our tariff burdens. It is however, 
a case of “ Thank you for nothing” 
as, in the first place, it ought never to 
have been imposed, in the second it 
ought to have been removed altogeth- 
er last year. When Sir T. White re- 
moved part of it in 1919 he spoke 
with a martyr ’s air of losing many 
millions of revenue, but thanks to 
rising prices the customs revenue ac- 
tually showed an increase and it may 
well be the same in 1920-21. Last 
year we collected from the tariff no 
less a sum than $169,000,000, or 
practically $20 per head of the po- 
pulation of the country. The United 
States with 12 times our population 
actually collected only 8 per cent, 
more by customs levies, viz.: $183,- 
000,000 in their last fiscal year, 
which amounts to $1.65 per head. 

Obviously, the incidence of the 
tariff burdens upon our neighbors is 
feathery compared with upon us. 
.Hr. Calder and his western Union- 
ists have failed in their efforts to 
make any real inroad upon the 
main protectionist trenches. 

Sir George Foster and Sir Edward 
Kemp are still able to impress their 
economic views upon the Coalition 
and perhaps the most important part 


Canada’s Leading 
Printers 

iunttljam Prraa, IGimthh 

Publishers and Printers 


TORONTO and MONTREAL 



Comprised of 

Canadian Explosives, Limi ted 

Dominion Cartridge Company, Limited. — 

Canadian Fabrikoid, Limited. 

The Arlington Company of Canada, Limited. 

The Flint Varnish and Color Works of Canada, Limited. 

The Victoria Chemical Company, Limited. 

Head Office: 

120 St. James Street, MONTREAL, Canada. 

Consolidated Offices: Vancouver, Winnipeg, Toronto.* 


Canadian Pneumatic Tool Co., Limited 

Pneumatic Tools, Compressors, Hoists, 
Electric Drills, Etc. 


25-27 St. Antoine Street MONTREAL 


of the Budget was the announce- 
ment of the Coalition fiscal policy. 
Sir II. Drayton gave a definite pro- 
mise. He also declared that protect- 
ion for Canadian industries would be 
a basic principle of whatever fiscal 
system was devised. 

Sir Henry has had recourse to 
sales and luxury as a means of rais- 
ing additional revenue and simul- 
taneously of curbing extravagance. 

If Sir Henry aspires to make the 
people know that the war has to 
be paid, he has gone the right way 
about it, for the new taxes will hit 
every pocket in the country and hit 
hardest the people with constricted 
incomes. The sales tax will be 
passed on to the ultimate consumer 
by the manufacturer, the wholesal- 
er aud the importer, and each of 
them will probably add his usual 
percentage of profit to the amount 
of the tax inflation. 

At a time there is a general 
smashing of prices in the United 
States and numerous signs of a par- 
allel movement on this side of the 
line, here the Government comes 


along with a budget which sweeps 
away any hope of lowering the cost 
of living. 

The sales tax will be most cumber- 
some to collect and will drive the 
storekeepers to despair. To deal 
with it and the luxury tax there 
will be needed an extreme army of 
bookkeepers and troops of officials, 
and the latter ’s salaries will swal- 
low up a large part of the proceeds. 

As for the luxury tax itself Sir 
Henry is wrong if he thinks that in 
these days boots at $9 a pair or wo- 
men's dresses at $60 constitute, a 
luxury. But the fact remains that 
the most ordinary articles of wearing 
apparel will have their cost increas- 
ed by the luxury tax and there will 
be no mitigation of the daily fin- 
ancial crisis with which half the po- 
pulation of Canada is faced. 

The business aud financial com- 
munity were moving heaven and 
earth to secure the removal of the 
business profits tax but all they have 
managed to achieve is to have it re- 
duced in its incidence by about 30 





May 29th, 1920 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


Page 7 


— — 


per cent. The extra tax on motors 
is perfectly prepared as is tho in- 
crease in the income tax. But even 
today the average British taxpayer 
would count himself thrice blessed 
if he had only to pay our present 
rates of income tax. 

Meanwhile there is no sign of any 
attempt or desire to make our tribes 
of profiteers disgorge their illgot- 
ten hoards . More than one country 
has enacted a levy on war wealth 
and Great Britain, even when the 
Tory party there controls Parlia- 
ment, is investigating all possible 
schemes or recapturing war profits 
for the state. But there is not a 
whisper of it in our Governmental 
circ les, and when Mr. McMaster du- 
ring the debate discussed the ques- ! 
tion, Col. Currie was mightily indig- 
nant that any member should even 
mention the words “levy on capi- 
tal” in Canada and various Cabinet 
Ministers looked deeply shocked. 








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Founded by railroaders, largely supported by railroaders, 
but also read by many others interested in progress of 
the people. 


On Monday the 17th Mr. Fielding! T 1 T 

vniiAH himself of a timehonored rt advocates reforms by 


availed himself of a timehouoied 
privilege on going into supply to 
raise the question of the Canadian 
Ministry at Washington, which Sir j 
G. Foster had announced a week pre- j 
viously as a settled fact and moved ! 
a resolution asking that the arran- 
gement be not finally consummated 
till full information had been given 
to the House and that all Correspond- 
ence and orders-in-council relating 
to the matter should be produced. 
In a brief but vigorous speech he, 
demanded what was the emergency 
or reason for desperate haste to jus- 
tify the Government in bringing so 
momentous a change almost up to 
the point of making the actual ap- 
pointment without consulting Parlia- 
ment. Sticking to his “old colonial” 
point of view on Imperial questions 
lie expressed his personal distrust of 
the wisdom of sending a Minister 
at all but his main indictment was 
against the secrecy and hole-in-the- 
corner nature of the Government’s 1 
proceedings. He thought the supre- 
macy of Parliament was being deli- 
berately flouted and it was another 
instance of the Cabinet usurping im- 
proper authority. Mr. Rowell who has 
been acting-Minister of External Af- 
fairs devolved the duty of meeting 
these charges and a feeble defence 
was all he could offer. As fas as 
possible he evaded the charge of se- 
cret diplomacy but to excuse it took 
refuge in the hoary doctrine that fo- 
reign affairs are the prerogative of 
the Crown and its advisers and pub- 
licity would be fatal to their effi- 
cient management. It is the time- 
honored eccuse that the British Fo- 
reign Office have always advarced 
to meet any demands for supervi- 
sion of their performances by the 
elected representatives of the peo- 
ple, but it will hardly wash these 
days. It is generally agreed that 
secret diplomacy played a large part 
in bringing Europe to its present mi- 
serable state and it was one of the 


Ballots, not Bullets 
Democracy, not Dictatorship 
Construction, not Chaos 
Reason, not Ranting 

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Office: 310 Lagauchetiere Street, AVest, corner Beaver Hall Hill, 

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Date. 


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pression. The fact that Canada had a 
mind of her own about certain mat- 
ters would help to re-assure public 
opinion in America about the sepa- 
rate vote which she is given in the 
i League of Nations. 

Sir Robert intervened with tho 
; first speech he has made since his 
return. He had read, he said, all the 
correspondence himself and reached 
the conclusion that the people of 
Canada could not be trusted to see 
; it. He did not condescend to state 
the grounds for his decision. He was 
1 convinced the new move would make 
for better international relations, 
and made some unkind comments 
| upon the personnel of the British em- 
1 bassy in an oblique way. He present- 
ed Mr. King with a magnificent open- 
ing which the latter took advantage 
of. He read out an editorial of the 
Manitoba Free Press dated May 12 
in which the principle of the Wash- 
ington appointment was commended, 
but the Government was roundly de- 
nounced for its secrecy and the Op- 
position was urged to press for tho 
fullest information. All particulars 
it said, should be disclosed and the 
status of the Minister already de- 
fined if he was to be merely a “ca- 
mouflaged chief clerk” he had bet- 
ter not go at all. Mr. King used his 
ammunition very well and made tho 
best speech he has delivered this 
session, driving his indictment 
home and speaking with vigor and 
conviction. He was well backed up 
Messrs. Lapointe and Lemieux and 
the Opposition had all the best of 
the argument. When a division was 
taken at a late hour the normal gov- 
ernment majority of 35 had fallen 
to 5 and if 3 French members had 
been a little quicker, it would have 
reached the danger point of 2. All 
the progressives present voted 
against with the Opposition. 

J. A. Stevenson. 


Name. 


Address. 




► 4. ♦ 4. ♦ 4. ^4. «-4*.» 4. * 4. ♦ 4. ♦ 4» ♦- 4* ♦ 4* 


things which President Wilson in t ees au q it has not been observable 
his Fourteen Points, said must be that their foreign policy has been 
abolished as incompatible with the • conducted with any less skill than 
League of Nations. Britain’s? Canada is making a start 

It is not a piece of monstrous in the field of diplomacy and she 
impertinence to suggest that the on- ought to begin with a clean sheet 
lv people in Canada competent to and modern methods. If again two 
pronounce authoritatively upon fo- British communities find it necessary 
reign affairs are the present Cabinet, to practice secret diplomacy in their 
half of whom probably do not know mutual intercourse, what hope is 
where either Mosul or Fiume, to there of abolishing it in the wider 
name two places of critical interest, sphere of foreign affairs? It is 
is. Will not our foreign policy be 1 suspected that there has been -an 
all the better for being subjected to acute divergence of opinion between 
the light of open discussion and Ottawa and Downing Street on the; 
press criticism? France and the subject of the Washington Ministry j had 
United States both permit their fo- and that the concealed correspond- hour, and struck for 90 cents, have 
reign affairs to be submitted to the , ence may be controversial in tone,' 
scrutiny of parliamentary commit but that is no reason for their sup- 


Unless extravagance is curtailed 
and production increased we shall 
■ face in the next five or six years 
the most appalling financial crisis 
the world has never known, declared 
Sir Robert Kindersley, Governor of 
the Hudson’s Bay Company address- 
ing Calgary Board of Trade, 
s * # 

Only forty per cent, of Manito- 
ba’s wheat lands can be worked 
this summer if the labor supply 
does not improve. 

* * # 

Many Ottawa unions have gone 
on record in support of the strike of 
the journeymen bakers who are 
fighting for a closed shop and a 
nine hour day. ✓ 

# * # 

Boilermakers and their helpers 
employed at the Campbell Iron and 
Steel Works, Ottawa, have gone on 
strike. 

* # # 

Hamilton electric wiremen, who 
been receiving 50 cents an 


accepted 85 cents, and returned to 
work. 


Page 8 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


May 29th, 1920 


Otye (Eanaitiatt Hailroaiier 

WEEKLY 

The Official Organ of the Fifth Sunday Meeting 
Association of Canada 

Organized Sept. 1916 

Incorporated under Dominion Letters Patent. 

April, 1919. 

J. A. Woodward, President C. P. R. Conductor 

•J. N. Potvin, Vice-President C. P. R. Train Dispatcher 

W. E. Berry, Sec. Treasurer G. T. R. Conductor 

Executive Committee. 

S. Dale, C. P. R. Engineer; D. Trindall, G. T. R. Locomotive En- 
gineer; John Hogan, C. P. R. Assistant Roadmaster; Archie Du- 
fault, C. P. R. Conductor; E. McGilly, C. P. R. Locomotive Fire- 
man; W. T. Davis, General Yard Master; W. Farley, C. P. R. 
Locomotive Engineer; M. James, C. P. R. Engineer; S. Pugh, 
G. T. R. Conductor; Wm, Parsons, C. G. R. Agent. 

Issued in the iutercst of Locomotive Engineers, Railroad Con- 
ductors, Locomotive Firemen, Railroad Trainmen (Switchmen), 
Maintenance of AVay Men, Railroad Telegraphers and employees 
in all branches of the service. 

Membership open to all who toil by Hand or Brain. 


Yearly subscription: $2.00 Single copies ... 5 cents 



PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY 
TUB CANADIAN RAILROADER LIMITED 

316 Lagauchietiere St. W., Corner Beav er Hall Hill, Montreal. 

Telephone: MAIN 6222 

GEO. PIERCE, Editor. KENNEDY CRONE, Associate Editor. 


tariff Snrmtstatrnrg 

A CCORDING to all predictions the tariff will be the great 
issue at the next elections. Certainly it looks like being 
the subject of much disputation and agitation. The 
Liberals say they believe in lower tariffs, though they do not 
i rouble to be very precise as to what they mean. The farmers 
are shouting for free trade for manufacturers, unmindful that 
they also clamored for a Wheat Board which completely abolished 
free trade in wheat, and gave the farmers the benefit of the finest 
protective system ever invented. Red Michael Clark will raise 
the banner of free trade as they have it. in England, a country 
overflowing with customs' officers. The Conservatives will 
evidently stand pat on the National Policy. The ( nionists — 
well, it does not look at present as if the Unionist party will saw 
much wood. As for the Labor party, it is in its infancy, and has 
hardly cut its wisdom teeth. 

Tariff debates are more given to declamation than argument. 
This is unfortunate; it does not make for a well informed public 
opinion. If the Labor Party was important enough to intervene 
authoritatively iijto the debate it could serve a useful purpose. 
It could compel closer argument; eliminate the often extravagant 
pretensions of the contending parties. Meantime we have to 
regret that the Government has not taken the advice of the Rail- 
roader, and appointed a Tariff Commission; such a body could 
collect the data essential to a satisfactory debate on tariff policy. 

Our general understanding is that the Conservatives are a 
high tariff party; tin* Liberals a low tariff party, sometimes pro- 
fessing free trade; and the farmers a free trade party, intent on 
protection for themselves to the extent of a guaranteed price for 
.wheat, and a monopoly of the sale of their product. In politics 
consistency is not a virtue. We were told that when the Liberals 
came to power in 1896 they made a very substantial reduction in 
the tariff. But the fact is that while in 1896 under the Fielding 
tariff the customs duties were 18 per cent of the total imports, 
in 1918 they were 16.8 per cent of the total imports, including the 


special war customs duty of 7V 2 per cent, which Sir Henry 
Drayton has removed. On dutiable imports in 1898 the average 
tariff was 29.9 per cent, and in 1918 it was 29.8 per cent, again 
including the war tariff of 7% per cent. To those studying the 
tariff question the following figures will be of interest: 


Dutiable imports 


YEAR 

in millions 

Average Duty 

1868 

. . * 44 . . 


1872 

68 . . 

. . . 19.2 “ “ 

1872 (Liberal Government) .... 

1878 

1879 (National Policy) 

60 . . 

. . . 21.5 “ “ 

1883 

92 . . 

. . . 25.5 “ “ 

1893 

70 . . 

... 30 “ “ 

1895 . ^ 

59 . . 

... 30 “ “ 

1896 (Liberal Government) .... 
1898 

75 . . 

. . . 29.9 “ “ 

1910 

227 

. 27 “ “ 

1911 (Conservative Government) 

1912 

355 . . 

... 23 “ “ 

1913 

442 . 

26 “ “ 

1918 

_ . 542 . . 

. . . 29.8 “ “ 

Customs collected in 1918 included a special 

Avar tax of 7%%. 


Total imports 

Customs paid on 

YEAR 

iu millions 

total imports 

1868 



1872 

104 . . 

. . 12 5 “ “ 

1878 

90 . . 

... 14 “ " 

1883 

. . 121 . . 

... 19 “ “ 

1893 

. . 115 . . 

... 18 “ “ 

1895 

. . 101 . . 

... 18 “ “ 

1898 

. . 126 . . 

... 18 “ “ 

1910 

. . 370 . 

. 17 “ “ 

1912 

.. 521 . . 

... 17 “ “ 

1913 

. . 670 . . 

. .171 “ “ 

1918 

1818 includes war tariff of 7 

. . 963 . . 

. . . 16.8 “ “ 

These figures show that since the adoption of the National 

Policy the tariff has been a fairly 

constant factor, and that on the 


whole the Conservatives have collected a lower average duty than 
the Liberals, despite their pretension to be a low tariff party. 

COLTN McKAY. 


Up tpay; uHfafa Hhtrp, Attgtoay 

S I GAR is 25c a pound retail, or 400 per cent dearer than be- 
fore the war, and it will soon be 27c a pound, perhaps 
before this paper is published, (Reports from Ottawa say 
that the retail price is 23c a pound, but Montreal housewives 
know better than that). Mr. W. F. O'Connor, K.C., senior com- 
missioner of the Board of Commerce, gives a clean bill of health 
to the Canadian refiners, who are said to be receiving a net profit 
ot less than 40e a hundredweight) and the profit of the Canadian 
retailers is said to be between 18 and 19 per cent. 

Labor and material costs on the plantations and in the refine- 
ries, transportation charges, and all other legitimate expenses put 
together, might show an increase of 100 per cent since 1914. 
Lven such an increase is doubtful ; certainly it is doubtful in 
regard to labor costs. There is no notable shortage of sugar. 
\\ here does the other 300 per cent increase come in? We know 
that we pay 400 per cent more than before the Avar; that is about 
all that we know. The unexplained 300 per cent must be some- 
where. Did somebody stick it in his pocket? If so, who? 

. y° vv > h>ok at potatoes. We know that potatoes cost at least 
a bag, or nearly 400 per cent more than in 1914. The retailers 
iV, ^ 1() ^ esa * ers *1 Vd * f Dey get only a miserable profit, and 

Mat the farmer gets about $6 out of the $7. Tf this is true, have 
the tanners’ costs gone up 400 per cent. We don’t believe it. 
l he farmer, however, says that he is poorer than ever. Where, 
icii, is the 400 per cent? Has somebody got it in his pocket? 
if so, who? 

Me pay ; that’s sure, anyway. 

K. C. 



May 29th, 1920 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


Page 9 



In this grand, quiet place a prayer of thanks 
From exiled hillman home again. 

Here, vision of well-loved Kyles: 

There, familiar stretch of Cowal shore; 

And, look ! 

Beyond fair Katrine's isles, by odd geography, 

Is kinsman to Ben Lomond, frowning on dark loch beneath. 
Stranger? Who dares to call me stranger here? 

Tis true these feet have ne’ev before 
Trodden these crooked, crackly, climby paths. 

Nor have these eyes of mine looked out on this dear 

art of God. 

But stranger! E'en the loon mocks thought absurd! 

My soul responds to ancient friends and fondest memories. 
This poor, poor heart is like to burst 
With very gratitude for such reunion. 

The tree tops nod me welcome home; 

The cliffs and crevices and rearing spurs 
Laugh the old challenges to compass them; 

Yon grassy upland beckons a native heath 
And arms of (dan McGregor mother; 

These dull -silvern waters call again 
For flip of oars and rowlock rattle 
And starry dreams of long ago. 

O'er all the tang of pine. 

Different, indeed, from breath of heather bloom, 

Yet still an incense of the mountains. 

Lord, on my knees, my praise! 

KENNEDY CRONE. 




Page 10 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


01 UMI LETTER 


(From our own Correspondent.) 

London, May 7th. I dated Society of Locomotive Engin- 
May Day was celebrated in this cers ail( ^ Firemen, 
country as never before. Millions of | ^ ll0W be necessary to refer 

workers were granted holiday — or the applications to the National 
took it — and demonstrations of a ^ nion of Kail way men and the Asso- 
particularly effective character Wages Board. 1 nder the terms of 
were held 'all over the country. the agreement, by which these bod- 
London was painted red with So- were set up, no strike can take 
cialist banners and favors, and a place until the matter has been be- 
proeession which took two hours to ^ore the latter board for a month, 
pass a given point went to Hyde y i ew > however, of the serious 

Park, where from 12 platforms the unrest which has manifested itself ; 
policy of Labor and the aims of So- ; in various parts of the country, the • 
cialism were vigorously preached, position is not without danger. 

One of the platforms contained The Central Board is to meet again j 
speakers who delivered their address- 1,1 a da .Y or two to settle the exact 
es in English, French, Italian, Rus- terms of reference to the National 
sian, Polish and several other lan- body, and it may be taken for grant- 
guages, not forgetting Esperanto. It e( l that the latter will meet as 
was a memorable and not-to-be-for- quickly as possible, 
gotten day. From the National Union of Rail- 

After a conference extending over waymen the -application is for a flat 
four and a half hours the Railway- rate increase of $5 per week. The 
men’s Central Wages Board was uu- associated Societies have a more ela- 
able to arrive at an agreement with borate programme, and while the fi- 
regard to the claims for increased gures have not yet been officially 
wages put forwardl by the National disclosed, they are believed to repre- 


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May 29th, 1920 



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sent, increases as follows: Drivers, 
$5; firemen, $3.75; cleaners, $2.50. 

Through the efforts of the Work- 
ers’ Union and the National Union 
of General Workers, the. workers in 
the coir mat and matting industry 
have been organized and a Whitley 
Council has been set up. 

An agreement has been reached 
for 48 hour-week and for advances 
in wages which in some eases will 
amount to $8.25 a week. The min- 
imum is now $15, whereas up to last 
week there were workers getting as 
little as $6.75 and many who receiv- 
ed only' about $10. Many women 
workers who have only earned $4.50 
a week are now to have 18c. an 
hour as a minimum rate. About 
4,000 workers were affected. They 
are among the many others whom 
the general workers’ organizations 
have raised from a desperately un- 
derpaid position. 

The dockers’ agreement giving 
them $4 a day' was signed this week 
at the offices of the Port of Lon- 
don Authority. This has been the 
greatest triumph the dockers have 
gained for many a long day. 

The strong criticism which Labor 
members have levelled against the 
proposed application of the Corpora- 
tion Tax to the profits of Co-opera- 
tive Societies is beginning to bear 
fruit. The Chanceller has now pro- 
mised that this new tax shall not 
be applied to the so-called profits of 
these societies which are returned to 
co-operators by way of dividends on 
purchases.This is a step in the right 
direction, and the Labor Party, will 
now have to fight for the exclusion 
of the undivided profits of Co-ope- 
rative Societies, a substantial por- 
tion of which is used for education 
and other social services. 

Important questions are to be dis- 
cussed at the forthcoming ednfer- 
ence of the National Transport 
Workers Federation, which will be 
held at Southampton in June. The 
General Union of the Vehicle Work- 
ers have tabled a resolution urging 
the formation of one Union fo*r 
the transport workers with depart- 
mental sections which shall be re- 
presented on the General Council. 
Cardiff coal trimmers want the Fed 



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i oration to raise a strike and lock- 
out fund, while the dockers propose 
that all unions affiliated shall in- 
i crease their contributions to a min- 
| imum of 25c. per week, 12c. *of 
I which shall be transferred to the 
i Federation. Part of this 12c. Shall 
pay for the administrative and or- 
ganizing expenses, and part for the 
national strike fund. They suggest 
further that strike benefit should he 
so arranged as to secure that every 




May 29th, 1920 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


Page 11 




• section of transport workers shall 
seceive the same amount when on 
dispute. 

The National Federation of Build- 
ing Trade-Operatives lias decided 
that the time has come when vigor- 
ous steps should be taken to reduce 
the cost of living. They realize 
that in order lo break through the 
vicious circle of wages and prices, 
the workers must direct their atten- 
tion to the question of bringing 
down prices. They have accordingly 
requested the Parliamentary Com 
m it tee of the Trade Union Congress, 
in conjunction with the Labor Par- 
ty, to call a special conference to 
discuss what steps should be taken 


to tackle this question. In view of 
the letter which has been sent by 
the Food Controller to all Food Con- 
trol Committees, stating that the 
Government has decided to disconti- 
nue the Committee after June 30th, 
the need for some action by the 
workers will soon become imperat- 
ive. Recent events have shown that 
prices have immediately risen as 
soon as control has been removed. 
Although the Food Controller adds 
that it is proposed to maintain a 
substantially reduced number of of- 
fices at convenient centres in order 
to carry on such local food control 
work as may remain to be done, the 
prospect is very black for the house- 



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Often it is the only room in which the whole 
family meets together. Your surroundings 
influence your moods, and because of this 
the utmost care should be used in its de- 
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Your own good taste, aided by the artistic 
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wife who is already finding it im- 
possible to make ends meet. 

As the result of discussion on re- ! 
medies for the shortage of houses, 
the conference called by the Mayors 
of Metropolitan Boroughs passed re- 
j solutions urging — (1) That the 
Ministry of Health be asked to em- 
I power local authorities to compel the 
letting of houses which remain emp- 
ty, or to take them over and let 
them after a reasonable time; (2) 
the extension of direct building by 
local authorities; (3) the control, 
central purchase and rationing, with 
a preference to local authorities, of 
all building materials; (4) the con- 
stitution of a national housing fund 
by means of votes of credit; in the 
meantime, the conference would do 
its best for local housing loans. 

An important arrangement was 
fixed up in the building trades yes- 
terday. Tt was decided at a confer- 
ence of employers and the men's 
federation that in future all agree- 
ments shall be on a national basis. 
This will simplify negotiations con- 
siderably and render the danger of 
section troubles, from which we suf- 
fer sadly, much less than it has 
been. 

The building operatives are doing 
fairly well just now. The housing 
shortage has reduced unemployment 
in the industry to next to nothing, 
wages have gone up, and a 44 hour- 
week is inaugurated. 

British Labor delegation has gone 
over to Russia to investigate condi- 
tions there and now a second one 
has set sail for Hungary. British 
I people -are exceedingly anxious to 
know the truth about these coun- 
tries, especially as views here are 
apt to be formed and forcibly ex- 
| pressed with relatively little infor- 
mation or foundation. 

Ethelbert Pogson. 

LABOR BREVITIES 



Montreal Tramways Union is ap- 
plying for a board of conciliation 
under the Lemieux Act. 

* # * 

Ottawa cabinet-makers and mill- 
men demand closed shops and in- 
creases ranging from ten to twenty 
percent and threaten strike if em- 
ployers do not accede. 

# * * 

Ultimate ownership of all means 
I of production is what the Labor 
movement should aim at, President 
Riley of Calgary Trades and Labor 
Council told the miners' convention 
of Alberta which opened last week. 

# * # 

Ottawa journeymen bakers, who 
have been on strike since May 2, are 
willing to arbitrate, but the employ- 
ers have not been heard from on the 
subject. 

# * * 

Extensive damage to the property 
! of the London and Port Stanley 
Electric Railway has accompanied 
the strike of the employees. Re- 
presentatives of the strikers deny | 
having part in the sabotage and sav 
it is the work of an enemy of both 
the union and the railway. 


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Page 12 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


May 29th, 1920 


W hen You Don't See It In the 
Other Papers , Maybe You'll 

Find It In the Railroader 


{JUl KENNEDY CRONE) 


B Y far the largest assembly of 
journalists ever seen in Mont- 
real was held in the Oak Room of the 
Windsor Hotel last Saturday night, 
when more than a hundred scribes 
took part in an informal reception 
organized by the members of the local 
News writers ’ Union for the members 
of the Newswriters’ Association of 
Ottawa. There was substantial re- 
presentation from every newspaper in 
the two cities and from the Press Gal- 
lery of the House of Commons. 

Mr. Kennedy Crone, President of 
the Montreal union, was in the chair, 
and amongst the guests of honor were: 
Hon. Charles Marcil, M.P., represent- 
ing the city; Mr. T. P. Howard, Pre- 
sident, Canadian Manufacturers’ As- 
sociation; Mr. J. A. Woodward, Pre- 
sident, Fifth Sunday Meeting Asso- 
ciation; Mr. James Wright, Presi- 
dent, People’s Forum; Mr. Boeck, 
President, Belgian Chamber of Com- 
merce; of the Ottawa New writers ’ As 
sociation — Mr. A. E. McGinley (Pre- 
sident), Mr. E. Stafford Green (Sec- 
ond Vice-President), Mr. C. J. Ket- 
chum (Secretary), Mr. J. E. March 
and J. O. Julien (Executive Board) ; 


THE OLD RELIABLE 



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THE 


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West, Montreal, Rue. 

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25 MANNING ARCADE ANNEX RIDEAU& WALLER ST 


Mr. H. E. M. Chisholm, Vice-Presi- 
dent, Press Gallery; of the Montreal 
Newswriters’ Union — Major Aime 
Grothe (First-Vice-President), Mr. 
George Pierce and Mr. Gustave Francq 
(Executive Board), Mr. Victorien 
Bane (Secretary- Treasurer), Mr. S. 
Lamalice (Recording Secretary), Ma- 
jor Raymond Van Stratum ( Sergeant - 
at-Arms) ; Mr. James Drury, Inter- 
national Typographical Union repre- 
sentative for Eastern Canada; Mr. J. 
McLaughlin, International Typogra- 
phical Union representative for New 
York. Mr. Tom Moore, President of 
the Trades and Labor Congress of 
Canada, who was unable to come, 
sent a message saying that he hoped 
to get the opportunity of addressing 
the newswriters at some future date. 

Mr. Crone, in welcoming the Ottawa 
journalists to Montreal, made special 
reference to the presence of fifteen 
members of the Press Gallery, includ- 
ing some old colleagues. He referred 
to the temptation to drop things from 
the Press Gallery on the heads of the 
legislators beneath. (A voice — n We 
look down on them”). At ordinary 
times a bald head alone might tempt 
the dropping of a pencil. In moments 
of irritation and impatience, he could 
imagine the temptation to drop a 
bottle of ink or the leg of a chair. 
He could even understand the tempta- 
tion that might come now and then to 
the Gallery men to drop over a few 
ideas. 

President McGinley of the Ottawa 
Newswriters replied on behalf of the 
visitors, his remarks being interlaced 
with quips and sallies. In reference 
to organization of journalists, he told 
a story of a rich man who thought lie 
could do the choosing of his own re- 
sidence beyond the vale. The rich 
man was told that his money was use-, 
less and he could only get something 
commensurate with the good he had 
done on earth, so he ended with being 
given a shack that had no elect ric 
fans or other modern improvements. 
Those interested in organization of the 
craft would have to remember that 
they got out only what they put in 
by way of service. Dues and sub- 
scriptions were useless without the 
souls of men determined to construct 
organizations bringing good to all. 

Mr. Chisholm spoke as representa- 
tive of the Press Gallery, and Messrs. 
Greene, Julien and Ketchum also gave 
brief talks. 

Hon. Mr. Marcil said that he was 
glad as an old fellow-craftsman to be 
again amongst so many men of the 
craft. He did not as a rule represent 
Mayor Martin in social affairs, but 
he broke the rule this time because he 
liked to get into the old crowd, even 
if he were a back number of it. (Cries 
of “No, no!”). Unionism was in 
the very air these days, and he was 
not surprised to find journalists in 
some places entered into, and in other 
places seriously contemplating enter- 



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ing into, the ranks of unionists. They 
had good cause, too. For one thing, j 
they were one of tlve worst-paid classes 
in the community. 

The ordinary citizen who leisurely 
read his morning or evening paper had 
no idea of the amount of energy, train-: 
ing and intelligence concentrated on * 
the production of a newspaper, how 
hard was the life of a reporter or 
editor, how keenly and self-effacingly 
many journalists went about their 
duties. Every newspaper had men on 
its staff , known only in very limited 
circles, who did great service for the 
community in different ways and who 
had great mental capacity; in almost 
any other walk of life they would have 
been famous men. In newspaper work 
tliey moved along for lifetimes prac- 
tically unknown, and, to a large ex- 
tent, unappreciated. 

Mr. Marcil told of some of his ex 
periences and associations as a re 
porter on the Gazette forty years ago, j 
and later as city editor of the Star. , 
He always remembered and tried to 
follow the first advice ever given to ! 


him as a reporter — summarize, sum- 
marize, summarize. He wished that 
there was more summarizing in the 
newspapers. By some strange chance 
he once had $1,000, and he and his 
wife went to Paris, where he was 
agreeably surprised to find that the 
French papers and the Paris editions 
of London and New York papes were 
small sheets with all the news cleverly 
condensed and balanced in a way quite 
foreign to American and Canadian 
newspapers. One got all the news 
that was needed in little space, easy 
of digestion and understanding. 

In the old days that he remember- 
ed, Canadian newspapers were small 
and those with circulations of 2,500 
a day were supposed to be doing re- 
markably well. This was the day of 
big circulations, and the papers were 
loaded with such great volumes of ad- 
vertising that it was a task to carry 
several home on a Saturday! The old 
type of paper which depended for its 
popularity on its editorial and the per- 
sonality of its editor had given place 
to the paper in which the news was 
the leading feature and editorials oc- 
cupied a very third-rate place. 

He said it was a plain statement of 
fact that journalists as a class were 
notably free from prejudices; their 
calling, with all its mixings and criss- 
crossing of lines of contact, and close 
touch with the realities of life, gave 
to them a broad and all-embracive 
vision which it was good for men to 
have. In this Province in particular, 
where most journalists spoke the two 
languages and mixed daily with fel- 
low-craftsmen and other persons of 
the other race, there was an under- 
standing and general recognition of 
the concord in which the two peoples 
very hopeful aspects. He emphasized 
the importance of knowing the French 
language, not only in Canada but in 
connection with the greater boom that 
Canada hoped to make in foreign 
markets, and also made reference to 
the concord in which the two peoples 
lived in the Province of Quebec, where 
the English minority had no ground 
of complaint against the French ma- 
jority. 

That the Press was mightier than 
the sword, that an enlightened Press 
could prevent war or other chaotic 
conditions, and that an obligation on 
journalists was to help towards 
stabilizing affairs by inspiring more 
general application of the Scriptural 
injunction to do unto others as you 
would have others do unto you, were 
amongst the themes dealt with by Mr. 
T. P. Howard. He spoke of the de- 
velopment of natural resources of 
which the country was much in need, 
of the merits of the entente cordiale 
between the two predominant races, 
and of the modern view of employers 
towards trade unionism. 

In developing the last-named sub- 
ject, he asked the journalists to please 
get away from the terms of Capital 
and Labor. They were not correctly 
descriptive and led to a good deal of 
misunderstanding. The terms of Em- 
ployer and Employee were more satis- 
factory and correct. He was a labor- 
er himself and proud of it. He had 
no antagonism to the principles of 
trade unionism, which permitted the 
employee to meet the employer as man 



May 29th, 1920 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


Page 13 


to man. A great many people had the 
idea that unionism was concerned only 
with increasing wages, which was a 
serious error. Through unionism the 
employee was coming more and more 
into consultation with the employer 
on matters of mutual interest, and the 
workers through their elected repre- 
sentatives were having more and more 
representation in the councils of in- 
dustry. “I think that the time has 
come when unions are bound to be re- 
cognized more than ever before by 
manufacturers, by newspaper prop- 
rietors and by everyone else. ” Manu- 
facturers gave considerable revenue 
to newspapers in the form of advertis- 
ing, and if newspapers should de- 
cline to deal with their men in unions 
manufacturers might have something 
to say about it. He knew many jour- 
nalists and understood something of 
their abilities and the conditions 
under which they worked. Con- 
sequently, he had a great deal of 
sympathy with them when they got 
together to improve their conditions 
and raise the standards of their craft. 

Short addresses on unionism of 
journalists were given by Major 
Grothe, and Messrs. Francq, Drury 
and McLaughlin. Mr. Drury read a 
telegram from Quebec newswriters an- 
nouncing their intention of forming 
a union. Mr. McLaughlin told of a 
distinct undercurrent of desire for 
unionism amongst newspapermen in 
New York, partly, he thought, as a 
protest against schools of journalism 
dumping in their students to undercut 
the professional newspapermen, who 
had also to start in to teach the new- 
comers. Foreign garment workers in 
New York were making a lot more 
money than trained newspapermen, be- 
cause they had unions. Actual forma- 
tion of newswriters ’ unions, however, 
was not definitely within sight, though 
he had hopes. For his part, he did 
not seek to organize men, but if they 
showed that they were determined to 
organize they would find him on the 
job to help. 

(With the exception of Le Canada, 
no Montreal newspaper reported this 
meeting.) 

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The half-yearly statement of the 
Bank of Montreal reveals a condi- 
tion that will lend confidence in the 
financial condition of the country. 

Just at the present time, the 
whole world is passing througih a 
particularly trying period as regards 
credit and accommodation. On this 
account, the statement of the Bank 
of Montreal makes its appearance 
at a most opportune time, both for 
Canadians who desire to get a bet- 
ter appreciation of the standing of 
the country, as well as for outside 
financial interests who may be 
scrutinizing the affairs of the 
Dominion. 

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peace conditions and in meeting the 
much larger requirements of the in- 
dustries and commerce of the coun- 
try there has been a very marked 
increase in commercial loans, as well 
as in the assistance given to cities, 
towns, municipalities and school 
districts. There have also been not- 
able increase in all classes of depos- 
its. 

As compared with a year ago, 
there is a marked expansion in all 
departments, and as a result, total 
assets now stand at $571,150,138, 
against $489,271,197 a year ago. Of 
the total assets, liquid assets amount 
to $302,821,820, against $293', 980,- 
708 last year, while total current 
loans and loans to cities, etc., have 
gained to $253,637,259, compared 
with $183,668,855, an increase of 
approximately $70,000,000. 

Both classes of deposits have 
shown steady advances during the 
year, and deposits not bearing in- 
terest now stand at $157,790,000, 
against $124,736,000 a year ago, 
while deposits bearing interest have 
now reached a total of $312,317,- 
174, up from $269,167,111. This re- 
presents a gain in total deposits for 
the year of approximately $77,000,- 
000 . 

The Profit and Loss Account 
shows a slight gain, as compared 
with the corresponding period in. 
the previous year. This is probably 
due to the very much larger 'business 
the Bank is now holding. Net profits 
for the six months to April 30th 
amounted to $1,802,585, as compar- 
ed with $1,751,237 in the corres- 
ponding period Bast wear. After 
the payment of dividends and mak- 
ing reservation for bank premises 
and war tax, the balance carried 
forward totalled $2,090,440, against 
$1,661,614 at the end of April a 
year ago. 

Throughout the unprecedented 
conditions of the war period, the 
Bank of Montreal was reported to 
be following a very conservative 
policy, in order to prepare for any 
conditions which might arise during 
the period of readjustment. The 
country is now reaping the advant- 
age of this policy and at the same 
time the Bank is in a psition to 
keep pace with the expanding busi- 
ness of the country. 





Page 14 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


May 29th, 1920 


JUSTICE AND THE POOR 


(By JOHN KIDMAN) 

At a time, when the question of 
establishing a Legal Aid Bureau is 
being studied, by two social welfare 
organizations in Montreal, this 
book “ Justice and the Poor”, edit- 
ed by Reginald Helber Smith, of the 
Boston Bar, and published by the 
Carnegie Foundation, for the Adv- 
ancement of Teaching, is most op- 
portune in the information it af 
fords on experiments wiiich have al 
ready been made. It is shown by the 
author that whi’e the intention of 
the administration of justice in the 
United States is that all shall be 
equal before the law, yet, owing to 
the growth of the industrial system, 
the development of large cities, and 
the massing of men and women of 
all nationalities, the tendency has 
been for the poor and the uneduc 
ated to suffer from the machinery 
of the law. This defect is manifest 
in three directions: (1) delay, (2) 
the preliminary fees and costs of 
fyling legal documents, and (3), the 
cost of legal advice and -conduct of 
cases. “It is the wide disparity 
between the ability of the richer 
and poorer classes to utilize the 
machinery of the law, which is, at 
bottom, the cause of the present un- 
rest and dissatisfaction,” says the 
writer. “As to the evil of delay, it 
is pointed out that this works to 
defeat justice in two ways, first, by 
making tthe time required to bring a 
case to final judgment so long that 
persons unable to wait, abandon 
litigation, or, second, compromise in 
a way that is manifestly unfair to 
the humble plaintiff who is fight- 
ing an employer or a capitalist is 
submitted to'. Against this evil of 
delay, the remedy suggested is the 
simplification of procedure and the 
establishment of municipal courts 
where petty -claims will be dealt 
with at once. 

On the subject of costs, figures 
are cited which indicate that while 
they have not been abolished, they 
have been very sensibly diminished 
in these municipal or people's 
courts, in the United States. At the 
same time, if appears that the actual 
costs in the ordinary courts are more 
os less sheer profiteering to-day, 
for instance, there is a charge of 
twenty-five cents for copies of 
documents which are struck off by 
carbon paper on a typewriter, 
wdiereas in former days the copy 
had actually to be reproduced by 
hand. This is only one instance of 
how conditions have changed, but 
the process of the law ignores such 
changes; and, indeed, this is one of 
the principal arguments used, that 
present-day conditions have largely 
outgrown the machinery of the law, 
with the result that the poor suffer 
thereby. 

The Public Defenier 

The need of the Legal Aid Bureau 
is evident still more w!hen one 
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| courts. It is shown by the writer 
that “everybody who investigates 
a case for trial — from the complain-. 
| ant on through the police, bureau 
detectives, and the prosecuting 
counsel is on one side. If the evid- 
; ence show’s the prisoner to be not 
guilty, the protections of the law 
operate: but nowhere in this system 
is any provision made for ascertain- 
ing the facts or the law in favor of 
| the accused. Many defences are af- 
firmative in their nature, as char- 
aeter evidence, self-defence, alibi, 
and the bias or malice of the com- 
plaining witness.” 

The case for the need of these 
Legal Aid Societies or Public Def- 
enders is amply made by the writer, 
so that the chief point of interest 
for those concerned in establishing 
such help in Montreal lies in the 
question of what form it should 
take. Apparently the experiment of 
Assigned Counsel in the criminal 
courts has not worked very success- 
fully; as the tendency is to employ 
young but inexperienced lawyers on 
this work. 

Then there remains the point as 
to whether legal aid should be prov- 
ided by the State or through a char- 
itable body, also whether the civil 
and the criminal phases of the work 
be operated together. There is a 
good case for the State at least 
providing a Public Defender in the 
criminal courts: but knowing the 
present conditions (both in the prov- 
ince of Quebec and in Canada gen- 
erally, it would seem that the only 
way to induce the State to take up 
this work will be for private euter- 
j prize, through certain societies, to 
show r the "way. A Legal Aid Society 
need not be necessarily all charity. 
At the annual meeting of the New f 
York Legal Aid Society recently, it 
was reported that during 1919, over 
34,000 cases were handled at an 
I expense of $47,050. Amounts recov- 
j ered for clients totalled $130,860; 

| fees and commissions paid to the 
> society totalled $11,500, and the 
amount recovered without litigation 
w r as $43,700 and with litigation, 
$52,000. On the Criminal Defend- 
er’s side, it is show r n that in Los 
Angeles, Portland, Omaha and 
Cohimlbus, excellent work has been 
done, this officer being appointed 
by the States in which these cities 
are, and at Los Angeles so great 
was the Success of this officer in 
the -higher courts that a similar of- 
ficer was appointed to the city 
police court. “It is not enough for 
the law to intend justice,” says 
Henry S. rritcliett, president of 
the Carnegie Foundation, in a fore- 
word to this book: “It must be so 
administered that for the great 
body -of citizens, justice is actually 
attain- d. The widespread suspicion 
that our law fails to secure justice 
has only too much basis in fact. If 
this suspicion is allowed to grew un- 
checked, it will end by poisoning 
the faith of the people in their o*wn 
government and in law itself, the 
very bulwark of justice.” 

John Kidman. 





May 29th, 1920 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


Page 15 


THE JOYS OF THE DAY 
IN THE PARK 


(By Roy CARMICHAEL) 

Every once in a while we hear j 
someone lament that Montreal does 
not posses, as other cities do, a zoo- 
logical collection or a botanic gar- 
den. Every time we hear that wail 
we wonder whether the grumbler has 
put himself to the trouble of find- 
ing out just what Montreal has to 
offer in the way of out-of-door at- 
tractions, and taking it for granted 
that he knows of the existence of 
Mount Royal we ask “Have you 
been to Lafontaine Park?” Nine 
times out of ten we secure the ex- 
pected admission. He has not. The 
tenth time we are told “01i yes, I 
visited it during the Fair”, when 
for a week or so Lafontaine took on 
the guise and garnishes and noise of 
what is known as amusement park. 
The fact is that the city's daintiest 
and most alluring breathing place 
is unknown to the three-fourths of 
the English-speaking people, and on 
their first visit thereto they are 
pleasantly thrilled with the feeling 
that they are in another city, if not 
another country. As one after an- 
other its attractions are unveiled 
their surprise is manifest, and they 
come away impressed with the feel- 
ing that after all the City of Mont- 
real has not been so neglectful of 
the human need of its populace for 
relaxation as they had supposed. 

The time to see Park Lafontaine 
at its best is early summer. The 
refreshing greenery of grass and 
trees is restful to the nerves harass- 
ed by the city's sights anr sounds. 
There is a witchery about its 
heights and valleys that carries one 
in imagination off to holiday land. 
When the first glimpse of the glit- 
tering lake reveals its surface dot- 
ted with shallops and canoes, among 
which the motor-driven gondolas 
dart with a merry freight of laugh- 
ing children the holiday illusion is 
complete. And if. such be our mood 
we can ourselves become aquatic 
sportsmen — beneficient city fathers 
have provided the equipment, and all 
that is demanded of us is a modest 
fee. 

This is real welfare work, we re- 
flect, as we watch the crowds of 
humble toilers, many of evident for- 
eign birth, enjoying within a few 
minutes walk of the narrow noise-; 
some streets that flank the “Main”! 
pleasures that the wealthy think 
they can only secure at the end of a 
lengthy journey. And the story isj 
not complete. Wandering across the 
bridge which spans the grotto with 
its waterfalls, a source of never-end- 
ing delight to tiny visitants, climb- 
ing the hill and traversing some 
shady paths we find ourselves at the 
children’s playground. No rich 
man’s child has a better opportunity 
to cultivate simultaneously health, 
agility -and laughter than have the 
little visitors to this juvenile para- 
dise. All the devices of the gymna- 
sium and the fair are at their serv- 


ice, and, presiding genius of the 
place, a child-loving guardian wards 
away all danger and settle all dis- 
putes. Had the citizens in general an 
idea of the joy a visit to this play- 
ground would give their children, 
surely it would be thronged? 

Watching the little ones at play 
we discover the opportunity to play 
is also our's. Lawn tennis courts 
invite us, and our’s is the misfortune 
and the fault if we fail to take ad- 
vantage of the chance to breath 
deeply and try the elasticity of un- 
used muscles. 

At least we can resume our walk. 
Again skirting the lake, beyond the 
bridge and waterfall, a quacking and 
cackling from a little islet gives us 
a peep into the wilds. Keen eyes can 
discern aniongtlie blushes, or, div- 
ing in the ripply water, many birds 
of varied plumage, which for lack of 


more intimate ornithological know- 
ledge we classify, with an airy gen- 
erality as “ducks". Interesting 
little fellow’s are these w^aterfowd; 
and, seated on a bench opposite their 
sanctuary, one finds it more amus- 
ing, to watch them than to read the 
makazine or newspaper which so 
many think necessary to while aw’ay 
boredom in the parks. 

Continuing the circuit we arrive 
at the conservatory. Most people 
pass it by, believing it to be a mere 
forcing house for the city's gardens. 
We are more inquisitive, and ap- 
proehaing the door find there a no- 
tice outlining the hours at wdiich the 
public are admitted. We are lucky 
within the “open season", and are 
able to inspect a botanical display, 
whose splendor is utterly unsuspect- 
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have the conservatory to ourselves. 
What more could the millionaire de- 
mand for his expenditure on floricul- 
ture? The semi-tropical atmosphere 
of the glasshouse does not conduce 
to a long visit, so outside in a few 
minutes w T e glance around again. 
This time it is the aviary that at- 
tracts us. Not even the flowers 
give us more color thrills than do the 
silver and golden pheasants. The 
horned ow’ls blink reflectively, 
hoarding who know’s wdiat stores of 
nature’s wisdom behind their broad 
foreheads. Ssphinx-like they awe us 
with their solemnity so we pass on 
to another object lesson. 

A c row’d surrounds an enclosure. 
Surely there cannot be a fight. 
These beautiful surroundings do not 
encourage such a thought. We ap- 
proach. The crowd is silent and 
watchful. It is waiting. For wdiat? 
From behinda knoll there strolls the 
wonder bird of the w r orld — a pea- 
cock. He gazes with a mixture of 
scorn and calculation in his eye. The 
crow’d is not large enough. He will 
wait. Tw’o minutes later, then a long 
drawn. “Ah-h". The peacock has 
exemplifielT the old-age story of its 
vanity. Spreading its beautiful tail 
into a fan full eight feet wide it 
slowdy revolves, with the air of a 
mannequin displaying Paris fashions. 
The crow r d makes the usual admiring 
comments. The peacock’s humdrum 
mate hurries up and joins the adula- 
tion. The show is over — till another 
crowd has gathered. 

Feeling w’e have satisfactorily an- 
swered the reflection that Montreal 
provides no -amusements for its peo- 
ple, no zoo, no botanic gardens, wc 
repeat our counter thrust — “Have 
3 ’ou visited Lafontaine Park?" 
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Page 16 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


May 29th, 1920 


Encouragement of Canadian 
Shipbuilding 


(By COLIN McKAY) 


E X-SERVICE men, employed in the 
shipbuilding yards of Canada, 
recently sent a delegation to Ottawa 
to urge the Government to take meas- 
ures to assure the continuance of the 
industry upon which they now depend 
for a livelihood. Their idea is that 
the Government, if it does not intend 
to go on letting contracts for a na- 
tional fleet, should pay a bonus on 
ship construction, as the Governments 
of some other countries are doing. 
They protested that they were not 
seeking charity for the industry or 
its employees. They argued that the 
shipbuilding industry is entitled to 
some form of encouragement, compar- 
able w r ith the great measure of public 
assistance given railways in subsidies 
and guarantees, or to that accorded 
various manufacturing industries 
through protective tariffs. 

Suppose Canada granted a bonus of 
$20 per ton on ship construction — 
less than Italy is paying in bonuses 
on hulls and engines. How much ton- 
nage would the Canadian shipbuilders 
have to construct in order to obtain as 
large a measure of public assistance 
as our railway builders have received. 

Hance J. Logan, of Amherst, told 
the St. John Board of Trade the other 
day, that the public assistance given 
Canadian railways in various forms 
aggregated $1,250,000,000. 


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shipbuilders in order to be entitled 
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of shipping — a pretty tall order, as 
the worlds shipping today only totals 
42,000,000 gross tons. 

In this question of establishing on 
a permanent basis the Canadian ship- 
building and boatbuilding industry 
there is involved a capital of $58,000,- 
000, according to Government returns 
covering 1918. In ship building and 
repairing the investment was placed 
at $56,299,033, while in boat building 
and repairing the investment was 
placed at 1,145,906. In shipbuilding 
the number of employees was given as 
21,533 men and 212 women; in boat 
building the male employees number- 
ed 730 and the women 8. Probably 
these figures are greater at the pre- 
sent time. 

In 1918 Nova Scotia was credited 
with 47 shipbuilding yards; British 
Columbia with 15; Ontario with 13; 
New Brunswick with 5 ; and Mani- 
toba with one. Ontario had 56 boat- 
building establishments; Nova Scotia 
25; Quebec 14; British Columbia, 11; 
Alberta 2; P. E. I. 2; New Bruns- 
wick 1. 

In that year the salaries and wages 
paid in the shipbuilding industry 
amounted to $26,385,379, and in boat- 
building to $763,249. 

But the move of the ex-service men 
to induce the Government to take 
measures to establish shipbuilding on 
the permanent basis affects more than 
22,000 persons directly employed in 
the industry. Their families are of 
course concerned — probably a hun- 
dred thousand people. Then various 
allied industries are keenly interested 
— most of the engineering trades, the 
steel workers, lumber workers, rope 
makers, equipment makers and many 
sorts. The miners of Nova Scotia are 
interested too, for last summer many 
of them were idle because of the short- 
age of ships to carry coal to the St. 
Lawrence markets. All the manufac- 
turers and traders of the country are 
interested for that matter, since the 
country which is able to carry her 
foreign commerce in her own bottoms 
has the best chance of success in the 
struggle for world trade. 

Befort the war Maritime shipbuild- 
ers asked a bonus — less than $10 per 
ton. They also wanted to import cer- 
tain materials free of duty. Their re- 
quests did not attract much attention. 
But since then the shipbuilding indus- 
try has grown; its interests are now 
big enough to command attention. 
And whatever the people as a whole 
may think of the demands the ex- 
service men will make upon the Gov- 
ernment, it is worth remembering that 
they are in line with the policy adopt- 
ed in France, Italy, Japan, and other 
countries; in line too with the Natio- 
nal Policy of encouraging infant in- 
dustries, 



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Ask for EDDY’S Matches 


May 29th, 1920 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


Page 17 





Established 1797 

THE NORWICH 

Railroadmen s Accident and Sickness Policies 


ISSUED TO 

Employees of the Canadian Railroads 

AT 

Lowest Rates Consistent with Security 

HEAD OFFICE 

The Norwich Union Fire Insurance Society, Limited 

Norwich Union Building 

TORONTO 

Claims Paid Exceed $155,000,000.00 

Special Representatives : 

GEO. GRIMES, THOS. HICKEY, 

298 Evelyn Avenue, 39 St. Sacrament Street, 
TORONTO MONTREAL, 

Ont. Que. 

ARTHUR BEAUDOIN, MacDONALD BROS,, 

39 St. Sacrament Street, Paris Bldg., 

MONTREAL, Portage and Garry Streets, 

Que. WINNIPEG, MAN. 

H. C. PERRY, 107 Botaford St., Moncton, N.B. 

T. B. & H. B. ROBINSON, St. John, N. B. 


I. M. WINSLOW, President and Managing Director . 
ANDREW KELLY, Vice-Pres. T. A. IRVINE, gnd Vice-Pres. 
N. T. MACMILLAN, Secretary-Treasurer. 


Security Storage & Warehouse 

COMPANY, LIMITED 

MOVING, STORING, PACKING and SHIPPING 
OP FURNITURE AND PIANOS 

Members: American, New York, Illinois, Minnesota 
Warehousemen *s Association. 

Telephone: SHER 3620 — connecting all departments. 

Household Goods moved from house to house, packed for ship- 
ment, or stored in private locked rooms, 
pianos moved by experts. 

Fire and Burglar- Proof Vaults for 
Furs and Valuables. 


WINNIPEG, Man. 





Page 18 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


May 29th, 1920 


Department of Labor 

Employment Report 


Reports from over 5,300 employ- 
ers to the Dominion Headquarters 
of the Employment Service of Can- 
ada, Department of Labor, indicate 
that, disregarding loss of time due 
to strikes, there was another in- 
crease in the volume of employ- 
ment during the week ending April 
24 in comparison with returns from 
identical firms for the preceding 
week. An increase had been antici- 
pated but the actual additions were 
substantially larger than had been 
estimated. For the week ending 
May 1 a further large increase was 
expected. In comparison with the 
returns for January 17 the reports j 
show that since then these firms had I 
made very considerable additions to i 
their staffs. 

The returns indicate that increases 
were recorded in all the provinces, 
that in Quebec being especially sub- 
stantial. For the week ending May 
1, Nova Scotia was the only prov-j 
ince to anticipate having a redue-j 
lion and the estimated decrease there! 
was nominal in character. In com- j 
parison with the figures for Jan- 
uary 17, Alberta alone registered a I 
decline, all other provinces showing 
large increases. 

Reports for the week ending April 
24 were tabulated from 5,327 firms 
with 742,309 persons on their pay- 
rolls as compared with 736,649 em- 
ployees for the preceding week and 
with 719,798 persons on their pay- 
rolls in the middle of January. 
Firms in twenty-three groups re- 
ported that they had made addi- 
tions to their staffs amounting to 
7,073 persons since the end of the 
preceding week. On the other hand, 
nine industrial groups reported de- 
creases aggregating 1,413 persons. 
The net increase, therefore, during 
the week of April 24 as compared 
with the returns for April 17 was 
5,660 persons or eight-tenths of one 
one per cent. This increase is the 
largest increase yet registered with 
the exception of the recovery conse- 
quent upon the declines recorded du- 
ringthe holiday and inventory pe- 
riod at the beginning of January. 
For <the following week twenty-four 
groups anticipated taking further ad- 
ditions amounting to 4,887 persons 
and six industries anticipated showing 


an aggregate decline of 203 employees, 
an increase on the whole of 4,684 per- 
sons or six-tenths of one per cent, be- 
ing anticipated. In comparison with 
their returns for January 17 these 
5,327 establishments reporter a net in- 
crease of 22,511 persons or three and 
one tenth per cent. Twenty- two groups 
may be classified as plus industries 
in this comparison with their total 
gains amounting to 33,522 persons. 
On the other hand, nine industrial 
groups showed minus tendencies, 
chiefly seasonal in character, the 
net losses since the middle of Jan 
uary aggregating 11,011 employees. 

Plus Industries. 

The largest increases during the 
week of April 24 in comparison with 
the returns from identical employers 
for the preceding week were in Lum- 
ber and its products, Railway Con- 
struction and Logging in which 
groups respectively 1958, 1883, and 
788 persons were additionally em- 
ployed. The increase in Lumber 
and its products was the largest yet 
recorded in any one week and repre- 
sent the commencement of saw-mill- 
ing operations while the substantial 
additions registered in Logging 
would indicate enlarged staffs for 
river-driving operations. In Rail- 
way Construction the increase fol- 
lowing the noteworthy additions in 
the past few weeks shows the re- 
sumption of activity in that field. 
All three groups mentioned above an- 
ticipated making further substan- 
tial additions during the week of 
May 1, that of 1,376 persons estim 
ated in Railway Construction being 
the largest addition expected. In- 
creases of over 100 persons were reg- 
istered in Farming, Building Con- 
struction, Edible Animal Products, 
Clay, Glass and Stone, Mineral Pro- 
ducts, n.e.s, Pulp, Paper and Paint- 
ing, Rubber Goods, Textiles, Wood 
Distillates, Coal Mining and Rail- 
way Transportation. Nine other 
groups reported minor additions. Of 
the twenty-six plus groups five did 
not anticipated making further ad- 
ditions in staffs during the succeed- 
ing week. Three of these five 
groups anticipated having slight de- 
creases and two of them expected to 
show no changes. The largest anti- 


FOOD CONSERVATION 

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Fruits and Vegetables 

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Ask for Jars “ Made- in- Canada” and guaranteed by a reliable 
Manufacturer. 

Dominion Glass Co., Limited MONTREAL 


The Nichols Chemical Company, Limited 

ACIDS AND HEAVY CHEMICALS 

Agents for Baker & Adamson’s Chemically Pure Acids 
and Chemicals. 

Agents for Canadian Salt Co— “ Windsor 77 Brand Caustic Soda 
and Bleaching Powder. 

Works: Capelton, Que., Sulphide, Ont., Barnet, B. C. 
Warehouses : Montreal, Toronto. 

222 St. James Street MONTREAL 


Dominion Bridge Company Limited 

ENGINEERS, MANUFACTURERS 
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STEEL STRUCTURES 

MONTREAL, P. Q. 

Branches: Toronto, Ottawa and Winnipeg. 


cipated increases were in Railway 
Construction and Lumber and its 
Products, as mentioned above, while 
Logging, Building, Construction and 
Coal Mining also anticipated making 
substantial additions. 

Minus Industries. 

The large decreases during the 
week of April 24 in comparison with 
returns from the same employers for 
April 17 occurred in Edible Plant 
Products, Metallic Ores, Retail 
Trade, and Water Transportation in 
which groups respectively 464,229, 
363 and 132 fewer persons were em- 
ployed. The decline in minor de- 
creases were reported in Fur and Fur 
ther and Leather Goods, Miscella- 
neous Manufacturing Industries and 
Local Transportation, those in fur and 
leather products being seasonal in 
character. The reduction in iron and 
steel products is the first decline re- 
gistered since the biginning of Janua- 
ry when the reductions were caused by 
the annual inventories. Before that 
period there had been steady increases 
in this group since the end of Aug- 
ust. It should be noted, however, 
that the shortage of material and 
fuel, on account of the recent 
railway strike in the United 
States, is almost entirely respons- 
ible for this decline. Only three of 
the minus groups, Edible Plant Pro- 
ducts, Fur and Fur goods and Lea- 
ther and Leather Products, antici- 
pated having further though smaller 
declines during the following week. 
Iron and Steel Products, Miscel- 
laneous Manufacturing Industries, 
Metallic ' Ores, Retail Trade, 
Local and Water Transportation ex- 
pected to show recovery. The estim- 
ated increases of 901 persons and 
143 persons respectively in Water 
Transportation and Iron and Steel 
Products were the largest increases 


expected by the minus industries. 

In comparison with the figures for 
January 17 (which, it should be not- 
ed, marks the close of the annual 
inventory period), very substantial 
increases were reported in Iron and 

1 Steel Products, Railway Construc- 
tion, Lumber and its Products, Pulp 
and Paper, Textiles, Miscellaneous 
Manufacturing Industries, Rubber 
Goods and Building and Construc- 
tions, firms in which groups regist- 
ered increases since then of respect- 
ively 8930, 7636, 1747, 2707, 2751, 
1932, 1093 and 1132 persons. The in- 
creases registered in thirteen other 
groups were all over one hundred 
persons. On the other hand, since 
the middle of January, Logging, Ed- 
ible Animal ‘Products, Edible Plant 
Products, Leather and Leather 
Goods, Non-Ferrous Metal Products, 
Coal Mining, Metallic Ores and Re- 
tail Trade registered reductions. The 
declines of 6,821 persons and 2,362 

i persons, respectively, in Logging 

. and Coal Mining were seasonal de- 
clines as was also the smaller de- 
(dine in Edible Animal Products. 
:o: 

About 350 workers employed by 
j the St. Maurice Lumber Co. in con- 
| struction work for the International 
Paper Co. at Three Rivers struck for 
: 50 cents an hour for laborers and 
70 for carpenters and other skilled 
, workers, with an eight-hours day. 
The company offers an increase of 

5 cents an hour over the present wag- 
es which run from 35 to 50 cents an 
hour. 

* * * 

After a day * 1 * * * 5 * 7 s strike, caibinet-mak- 
ers employed by Henry Morgan and 
Company, and the Bromsgrove Guild, 
obtained the advance in wages and 
eight hour day they had been striv- 
| ing for. 


May 29th, 1920 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


* 


Page 19 


J. A. Woodward 
1$ Choice of 
Car Men 

Mass Meeting of Tramways Em- 
ployees Elect Arbitration 
Representative 


(Gazette, May 25.) 

Mr.J. A. Woodward, president of the 
Fifth Sunday Meeting Association, is 
the choice of the tramways ’ employ- 
ees as their member of the board of 
conciliation, which the men have 
asked *the Minister of Labor to ap- 
point to arbitrate with the Mont- 
real Tramways Company in the 
matter of demands for higher wages 
and other concessions. 

The decision of the employees was 
reached at a largely attended mass 
meeting of the Tramways Employ- 
ees’ Union, held, last night at L’As- 
sistance Publique, under the chair- 
manship of Mr. AureLe Lacombe, 
M.L.A., president of the Union. The 
meeting was confined to the mem- 
bers of the union, and a statement 
made at the close that Mr. Wood- 
ward had been selected to represent 


the men. Representatives of the 
union will wait on Mr. Woodward 
today and ask him to accept. No 
approach has yet been made to him, 
but as Mr. Woodward is himself a 
railroad man, and a keen student of 
labor affairs, especially as regards 
matters of conciliation, it is expect- 
ed that he will accept. 

The meeting decided that they 
will not enter into any public con- 
troversy with the company, or the 
Tramways Commission through the 
press on the subject of wages or 
other conditions, but the case for 
the men will be prepared and sub- 
mitted to the board of conciliation. 

The application for a board of 
conciliation under the Lemieux Act 
comes from the men, following the 
refusal of the Tramways Commis- 
sion, which is the authoritative body 
in effect on the other side, that the 
demands of the men for wages run- 
ning up to 75 cents an hour could 
not be granted, and the refusal of 
the men to accept a counter propos- 
ition made by the commission. The 
men have not yet received a reply , 
from the Minister of Labor as to 
their request for a board, but the 
Minister, following usual procedure, 
has asked the Tramways Company 
for a statement of their side of the 
case, and when both cases are be- ; 



fore the Minister, the request will 
be decided on, and the men confi- 
dently expect that the Board will 
shortly be granted. 

Company Has not Acted 

The Tramways Company has not 
yet named its arbitrator. At the 
last board of conciliation, held a 
year ago, the company was repre- 
sented by its legal adviser, Hon. J. 
L. Perron, K.C. The third nember 
of the board of conciliation is to be 
agreed upon by the representatives 
of the men and company, and in 
case of disagreement, as will very 
likely be the case, the Minister of 
Labor will have the appointment of 
the third member, who will act as 
chairman. 

At the meeting last night the 
speakers were President Lacombe, 
J. L. Bourbonniere, and representa- 
tive members of the various shops. 
The pension offer of the Tramways 
Commission was discussed, and 
played a considerable part in the 
opinions expressed by some of the 
speakers. Some, specially the older 
men, are anxious for a pension 
scheme along the lines laid down 
while others believe that the best 
policy is to get all possible in the 
pay envelopes at once. 

While the meeting did not commit 
itself to a course, it was a strongly 
expressed opinion that the meetings 
of the board of conciliation should 
be open so that the public may be 
cognizant of both sides of the case. 


-:o:- 


FEDERAL RETIREMENT 

PASSED BY CONGRESS. 


Smoking 


W. C. MACDONALD Reg’d. 

INCORPORATED 

MONTREAL 


Washington, May 22. — The house 
and senate having adjusted differ- 
ent over the Sterling-Lehlbaeh re- 
tirement bill and the first legisla- 
tions of this character that ever 
passed congress is now before the 
president for his signature. 

The bill provides for the retire- 
ment of employees in the classified 
civil service of the government who 
have reached the age of 70. Mechan- 
ics. city and rural letter carriers and 
post office clerks shall be eligible 
for retirement at 65, and railway 
postal clerks at 62. All employees 
must be in the service at least 15 
to be eligible for retirement beni- 
fits. 

The amount of annuity that a re- 
teired employee shall receive will be 
based on length of service and his 
average basic salary. In no case 
shall the annuity exceed $720 a year 
or be less than $180 a year. Em- 
! ployees will be required to contri- 
bute monthly 2 x k per cent, of their 
basic salaries. This will total about 
! 33 per cent, of the fund. The gov- 
| eminent will contribute the remain- 
der. It is believed that the em- 
ployee ’s contributions alone will fin- 
ance the fund for several years. 


ENGINEERS 

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WINNIPEG, Man. 


Page 20 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER Ma y 29t h, * 929 

The Fifth Sunday Meeting Association of Canada 


Osier, Hammond &Nanton 

Investment Brokers, Financial and 
::: General Insurance Agents Etc ::: 


WINNIPEG, Man. 


Represent : 


LOANING 

Law Union & Rock Insuran- 
ce Co. 

North of Scotland Canadian 
.Mortgage Co., Ltd. 

Dominion of Canada In- 
vestment & Debenture Co. 
Ltd. 

Osier & Nanton Trust Com- 
pany. 

LANDS 

Calgary & Edmonton Land 
Co., Ltd. 

Canada Saskatchewan Land 
Co., Ltd. 

Winnipeg Western Land 
Corporation, Ltd. 


INSURANCE 

Law Union & Rock In- 
surance Co. 

New York Underwriters’ 
Agency. 

Western Assurance Com- 
pany. 

Queen Insurance Company. 
Guarantee Company of 
North America. 

COAL 

Galt-Bituminous. 

Canadian Anthracite 
American Hard and Soft. 
Bankhead Briquettes. 


Stocks and Bonds bought and sold on commission on the Lon- 
don, England, New York, Montreal and Toronto Exchanges. 

Private Wire Connections with New Yorlc and Toronto. 


The Northern Elevator Co 


LIMITED 


Grain & Commission 

-MERCHANTS::: 


THE OLDEST AND THE BEST 
ASK THE MAN 


Personal attention given to 
all Consignments. 


209 Grain Exchange 

WINNIPEG, Man. 


Its Only Aim Is The Welfare of The Masses. 

The people of a nation cannot advance beyond the men who make its 
laws and the Fifth Sunday Meeting Association of Canada exists to see 
to it that the workers by hand and brain are directly represented m the 
law-making bodies of the Dominion; to find, tram and elect the right men 
of our own class in order to secure the kind of legislation that will protect 
and advance the interests of the workers. .... 

It will wage warfare on plutocracy, despotism, economic privileges, 
and upon all the evil forces which burden the people and rob them of that 
happiness of living which is their fundamental right. 

It is a non-partisan educational and political association, and because 
of the manner in which it is organized can never become the instrument 
or plaything of a small group of any class, particularly of wealthy men 
The aim is the attainment of true democracy. 

WE PLEDGE OURSELVES:— 

To support all municipal, provincial and federal educational plana 
where the evident purpose is to raise the standard of education in en* 
lightened and progressive ways; to present truthfully and fearlessly 
through the medium of Fifth Sunday Meetings and our own press, th <* 
“Canadian Railroader ”, the latest and most important political, social and 

industrial developments; .. . ,. 

To advocate the abolition of property qualifications for the franchise 
or for election to public office; the adoption of the Initiative, Referendum 
and Recall, and of proportional representation in all forms of public 
arovemment; universal suffrage for both sexes, on the basis of one person, 
one vote; the transfer of taxes from improvements, and all products of 
labor, to land values, incomes and inheritances; 

To advocate prison reform, including introduction of the honor ano 
segregation systems, and abolition of contract labor; the enactment and 
rigid enforcement of child labor laws; pensions for mothers with dependent 
children ; regulation of immigration to prevent lowering of industrial, poli- 
tical or social standards; development of the postal savings and parcel post 
systems; financial and other assistance to farmers through co-operativp 
Lanks and by other means; government development of co-operative pro 
ducing and trading associations for the benefit of the consumer; 

To advocate extension of workmen’s housing schemes and the labor 
bureau system; provision of technical education for every willing worker, 
according to his capacities; more effective inspection of buildings, factories, 
workshops and mines; minimum wages; a rest period of not less than a day 
and a half per week for every worker; government insurance of workers 
against sickness, injury and death; maternity benefits and old-age pensions; 
better Workmen’s Compensation Acts; representation of the workers on all 
public boards and on boards for the supervision of private enterprises; 
union labor conditions in all government work; adequate pensions and op- 
portunities for soldiers and their dependents; 

To advocate freedom of speech and of the press, and a law compelling 
all newspapers and periodicals to publish in all issues a complete list of 
shareholders and bondholders. 

“The Fifth Sunday Meeting Association of Canada” is financed en- 
tirely by its members who contribute $2 a year in membership fees. If a 
local ha 9 been established in your city $1 remains in the local treasury and 
the other dollar is sent by the local organization to our Dominion Head 
quarters, 60 Dandurand Building, Montreal, Que. In case no local has beeii 
established in your community, send the membership fee of $2 directly to 
Dominion Headquarters. 

The funds accumulating in the Dominion Headquarters are used for 
political and educational propaganda; the development of the organization; 
the preparation of pamphlets and leaflets and the financing of the various 
political campaigns where favorable opportunities develop, to elect our 
candidates. The treasurer is under bond and the books are audited by a 
firm of accountants. 

An application blank will be found below Merely fill out the applica- 
tion blank, buy a postal order for $2 and send it to Dominion Headquarters. 
Your membership card will be forwarded by return mail. Join this great 
organization in the interests of education and clean politics. Today is the 
day and this is the hour . Become a member now. 




♦ 

+ 

♦ 

* 

♦ 

* 

♦ 

♦ 

# 

♦ 

♦ 

+ 

♦ 

+ 

♦ 

* 

♦ 

* 

♦ 

+ 

♦ 

* 

♦ 

* 

♦ 

4 * ♦ *♦ 


APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP 

To the Secretary, 

The Fifth Sunday Meeting Association of Canada, 

General Headquarters, 316 Lagauchetiere Street West, 
corner of Beaver Hall Hill, MONTREAL, Que. 

I hereby make application for membership in “The Fifth Sunday 
Meeting Association of Canada.” I subscribe and agree to pay, 
while a member, the yearly fee of $2.00 in advance. 


Name. 


Amount paid $ Address. 

City 


Date 


Province ♦ 

Malce all cheques and money orders payable to “The Fifth 
Sunday Meeting Association of Canada .” 

Official membership card will be mailed from headquarters, 
with copy of platform , constitution and general rules. 



May 29th, 1920 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


Page 21 


Miners Housing Is Bad 


Washington, May 22. — An un- 
inviting picture of company min- 
ing towns is shown by Leifer Mag- 
uuson, in his report on this subject, 
published in the Monthly Labor Re- 
view of the United States bureau of 
labor statistics. 

“The average company mining 
town,” he says, “has few of the 
amenities of ordinary life. There is a 
dull uniformity in the appearance of 
the houses and an absence of trees 
and natural vegetation. Streets and 
alleys are open dirt roads almost 
without exception. Sidewalks are 
very rare. 

“The miner's house is without the 
ordinary inside conveniences found 
in the house of the city worker. Less 
than 2 per cent, of the homes in the 
bituminous coal regions have inside 
toilets, and running water is rare. 
Stoves and grates are depended upon 
for heating. 

“The average house of the miner 
includes about four rooms, in which 
he must accommodate a family and 
frequently takes in boarders when 
there is a housing shortage. 

“The desirability of locating the 
housing near to the mines has fre- 
quently been secured at the sacri- 
fice of conditions of health and com- 
fort; thus in the coking region the 
houses are found placed on neigh- 
boring hillsides which have been 
rendered barren by the gases of the 
bee hive oven's.” 

:o: 


Steel 

Castings 

FOR 

LOCOMOTIVES, PASSENGER CARS 
AND FREIGHT CARS OF ALL 
DESCRIPTIONS 



Hull Iron & Steel Foundries, Limited 

HULL, Que. 


FAVORRS SHORT HOURS 


Railroad Crisis Looms 


Chicago, May 22. — Immediate 
consideration must be given rail- 
rord employees' demand for wage 
increases to meet exactions of prof- 
iteers, said Timothy Shea, aicting 
president of the Brotherhood of Lo- 
comotive Firemen, before the rail- 
road labor board. 

“(The railroad workers must have 
relief, and the must be given relief 
at once,” said the brotherhood ex- 
ecutive, who declared that a crisis 
impends. “I am making no threats,” 
he said, “but simply stating facts. 

“One great trouble with the 
American people is that they never 
believe that anything disagreable 
is going to happen. They wouldn't 
believe that we were going to get 
into the world War until we were in 
it up to our ears. More recently 
they refused to believe that there 
would be a steel strike or a coal 
strike until those industrial disor- 
ders were upon us. Now, apparently, 
they refuse to believe that the rail- 
road situation is absolutely critical. 
The steel strike cost the country 
half a million dollars at a compara- 
tive estimate, and the cost strike 
half as much more. Both could have 
been averted. The lesson in the 
present situation is obvious.” 

Mr. Shea said that a comparison 
of earnings for eight Iiouts of labor 
showed locomotive firemen ranked 
seventy-seventh in the list of the 
various occupation rnd industries 
for which authoritative data are 
available. Ondy nine occupations 
have a lower scale 'than the firemen, 


Washington, May 22. — United 
States Senator Thomas of Colorado 
criticizes trade unions and their de- 
mand for a short workday, but the 
Colorado lawmaker is not averse to 
short hours himself. Last Saturday 
Senator Stirling attempted to have 
the senate consider the conference 
report on the retirement bill and 
the Congressional Record reports: 

“Mr. Thomas — Mr. President, Ido 
not intend to interpose any captious 
objection to the consideration of the 
conference report, but I am inclined 
to think that the senate has done 
enough for this week and should 
not be required to consider additio- 
nal legislation before Monday. For 
that reason, and for that reason 
only, I shall object to the considera- 
tion of the conference report today. 

“The vice president — The senator 
from South Dakota did not ask 
unanimous consent for the consid- 
eration of the conference report, but 
moved that the senate proceed to 
its consideration. 

“Mr. Thomas — Very well. Then I 
move that the senate adjourn.” 

The senate rejected the motion to 
adjourn, and then Senator Thomas 
attempted to block consideration of 
the report by raising a no-quorum 
point of order. Again he was de- 
feated. Then he consumed time de- 
bating another question untill the 
senate finally adjourned without 
discussing the report, which was 
adopted the following Monday. 



CHEWING TOBACCO 




It gives to the consumer 
a feeling of pleasure 
and contentment. 


he said. 

:o: 

OUIJA BOARD AT WORK. 


Tacoma, Washington, May 22. — 
The ouija board of United States 
Senator Poindexter was in fine fet- 
tle during the law makers' oration 
to business men in this city. Things 
are in bad shape, according to the 
speaker. Sinister forces are at work 
and our constitutional form of gov- 
ernment, backed by 100,000,000 peo- 
ple hangs by a single thread; revo- 
lutionists are among the workers and 
occupy seats of the mighty; the 
pnion shop is a menace; workers 
should be independent, etc. 

The speaker favors legislation that 
will stop (?). Incidentally he is a 
candidate for the presidency. He in- 
dicated to Tacoma business men that 
if elected he ’111 show all divers and 
sundry agitators where to head in. 

The speech ought to assure his 
campaign managers substantial con- 
tributions.' 

:o: 

All unions, at Port Arthur ship- 
yards, are uow on strike, and there 
is not a wheel turning. Seventeen 
per cent, increase is asked. 

* # # 

Quebec Railway has recognized 
the union, agreed cn a closed shop 
and put in force a new scale of 
wages. 


Page 22 


THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


May 29th, 1920 


LUMBER 


Pine - Spruce - Hemlock 

Dressed or Rough 

LATH - SHINGLES - FACTORY MATERIAL 
BOXES - BOX SHOOKS 



Sawmills and Planing Mills at Rockland and Ottawa, Canada 

Factories at Ottawa 

DRESSING IN TRANSIT 

W. C. Edwards & Co., Limited 

OTTAWA 



THE CANADIAN RAILROADER 


Page 23 


May 29th, 1920 


Trade Union Statesmanship 

Inspires Organized Workers 


Washington, May 22 . — 1 ‘ The spirit 
that made the defeat of kaiserism 
possible is not dead: we are using 
it against American autocrats,” 
writes one trade unionist to the A. 
P. of L. national non-partisan poli- 
tical campaign committee. 

This sentiment applies to every 
section of the country. Trade 
unionists are determined to use their 
organized balance of power this 
fall and cast a non-partisan ballot 
against defenders of reaction. 

Local trade union non-partisan 
committees are in constant com- 
munication with the A. F. of L. 
committee. The latter has almost an 
entire floor of the A. F. of L. build- 
ing devoted to the compiling of re- 
cords of senators and congressmen, 
forwarding same to local and cen- 
tral bodies, preparing and circulat- 
ing literature, answering corres- 
pondence and aiding local commit- 
tees wherever possible. 

Vast quantities of literature have 
already been issued by the national 
committee. The A. F. of L. recon- 
struction declarations and the A.F. 
of L. political demands strike such 
fundamental notes as free speech, 
press and assemblage; right to or- 
ganize and collective bargaining 
through representatives of the 
workers’ selection ipposition to 
militarism and the labor injunction: 


tax on land held for speculation; 
election of federal judges; Rochdale 
co-operative system; eredits is a so- 
cial function and should be con- 
trolled by a public agency rather 
than to enrich financiers; defiation 
of currency and credits; government 
ownership or control of radlroads; 
nation’s water power must *ot pass 
into private hands; government aid 
to home building. 

The above declarations answer the 
charge of labor’s opponents that 
the workers demand special Privi- 
lege. This is the old “stop thief” 
cry of those who oense dange to 
their special privileges. 

These declarations have no double 
meaning. They treat of questions 
that the workers of today are in- 
i' terested in. They are constructive 
statesmanship and are a contrast to 
the word wizardv of vote — catching 
efforts by platform makers of the 
old school. 

The organized workers note the 
difference. They realize that the 
great trade union movement is moer 
than a wage movement; that it en- 
ters into every human relation, and 
that it can cope with every force 
that stands against a brighter day’ 
and a higher development. 

Another pamphlet, that is wide'y 
I circulated by the A. F. of L. natio- 
nal committee, is entitled “Forty 



The Man In The Cab Knows This 

HANCOCK INSPIRATOR 


He knows that it is made by 



T. McAvity & Sons, limited 

ST. JOHN, N. B. 

Montreal Toronto Winnipeg 



Tanners and Manufacturers of 
Leather Belting for 43 Years 
MONTREAL, Que. TORONTO, Ont. 

511 William St. 38 Wellington St. East 

WINNIPEG, Man. ST. JOHN, N.B. 

Princess Street and Bannatyne Ave. 149 Prince William Street 

VANCOUVER, B.C. 

560 Beatty Street 


Years of Action.” It summarizes 
the non-partisan political declara- 
tions by the A. F. of L. since its in- 
ception in 1881, and refutes the 
claim that any group of officials is 
responsible for present policies. This 
pamphlet quotes history to show 
that the trade union movement has 
consistently maintained that our 
movement is essentially economic: 
that its guarantees political freedom 
to every member and that all it as- 
sumes is to urge workers to cast an 
independent ballot in the interest 
of justice and humanity. 

:o: 

PROFITEERING IN CLOTHES 


CLERGYMEN UNITE 


London, England, May 22. — Tho 
National Clerical union has been 
organized for the purpose of secur- 
ing a living wage for the clergy. 
Rev. Lloyd Evans, who is acting 
secretary of the new movement, 
said: 

“The members of the Clerical 
union have no intention of declar- 
ing a strike to enforce any of their 
demands, but will follow the trend 
of trade unionism to a considerable 
extent. ’ ’ 

Secretary Evans declared that the 
only remedy for low salaries and 
poor conditions which the clergy- 
men are forced to accept is a strong 


Washington, May 22. — When a organization, and if this were back- 
man pays $65 for a suit of clothes 0( j public opinion, theiT demands 
these days, he is handing over a pro- W oukl soon be obtained. 

:o: 


1 


fit of $27.64 to the retailer, accord- 
ing to W. ett Lauck, former secreta- j 
ry of the national war lafor board j 
and consulting economist for rail- 
road employees in their wage move- 1 
ment before the railroad labor board, j 
“At the present time”, said Mr. 

Lauck, “the labor cost in producing 
a suit of clothes is only 20 per cent, 
of the price taken from the consum- ; 
er, while 10 years ago the price in- j 1 
eluded a bill of 22 per cent, to l a - ^ing, and Governor Allen of that 
bor. So, it readily can be seen thatj state * s bailed as the modern So - 
the buyer of a suit of clothes is pay- j onion > but in the light of histoiy 
ing those who labored on the pro - 1 th-ese^ i-alims aie unworthy ot consi- 
duct less, proportionately, than in ! deration. 

1910. 


‘ CAN ’ T-STRIKE ’ * LAWS 

IS ANCIENT SCHEME 

Washington, May 22. — Officers 
oftlie A. F. of L. are compiling some 
of the numberless “ can ’t-strike ” 
law’s passed centuries ago. 

Defenders of the Kancas “can’t- 
trike” law r refer to it as a new 


“Although the retailer’s lncreas- 
; es have been huge in a monetaiv 
i sense, they are much less propor- 
tionately than those of the manufac- 
turing corporations. Woolen mills 
profits for the present year will ap- 
proximate five times those taken in 
1910, while the garment manufaetu- 
j rers > profits at the present time are 
i 350 per cent, of their 1910 aver- 
j age.” 

It is shown that the largest wool 
en manufacturing concern in 
ica increased its aunual net income 
from an average of $1,600,000 in 
the pre-war years to an annual av- 
erage of nearly $9,000,000 during 
1916-18. 


Nearly 60 years ago English la- 
bor law's were identical with the pre- 
sent Kansas act. The English law T 
empowered the i lord ’s court ’ to set 
wages and punish strikers. The Kan- 
sas act gives this power to a mod- 
ern “lord’s court” of three men, 
appointed by the governor. 

Under the English law the lord 
had the first claim to the labor of 
his seifs; those w’ho declined to 
work for him were sent to jail. 
Lords of the manor (land owners) 
\iiier- i w h° l )a *^ more than the customary 
wage were fined trebled damages, 
and artifices (crafstmen) were sub- 
ject to the same penalty. Any ex- 
cess of w'age above the customary 
rate could be seized for the king’s 


, i it • lls0 * The law not. only regulated 

One of the largest clothing houses I ^ bufc a]so ff)()(1 p < eeg> % nd it 

the count iw hum east a ^ 1 * P' r0 * s ‘j was declared that “food must be 

! fTOm a 5 * 0 "- j sal<l at reasonable prices.” Impris- 


14, to $1,625,593 in 1916-18, and $2, 
j 200,219 in 1919. 

:o: 

Montreal fur workers have ap- 
pointed Albert Roy to represent lo- 
cal 66 at the interprovincial fur- 
workers’ conference in Toronto on 
Mav 25, 


prices. 

on ment was the penalty against any 
laborer who quit his employment 
before the agreed , time, and alms 
to any able-bodied laborer w T ere for- 
bidden. 

Every student of history knows 
the result of this legislation under 
King Edward in 13 ’7. 


Page 24 


May 29th, 1920 


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ILLUMINATING 

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Made in Canada 

When buying ELECTRIC SHADES, GAS 
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You will then be patronizing Home Industry and 
getting the best. 


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Factory and Head Office : 388 Carlaw Ave. 
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BANK OF HAMILTON 

HEAD OFFICE: HAMILTON. 
Established 1872. 

Capital Paid Up $4,000,000. 

Reserve Fund $4,200,000. 


BOARD OF DIRECTORS 
Sir John Hendrie, K.O.M.G., C.V.O., President 
Cyrus A. Birge, Vice-President 
O. C. Dalton, Robt. Hobson, W. E. Phin, 

I. Pitblado, K.C., J. Turnbull, W. A. Wood. 


SAVINGS DEPARTMENT 
AT ALL OFFICES 


Deposits of $1 and Upwards received. 


Correspondence solicited. — J. P. BELL, General Manager.